ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025
The effects of exercise and rTMS on depression symptoms in adolescents depression.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Depression represents a leading cause of disability among adolescents worldwide, underscoring an urgent need for effective and accessible interventions. While pharmacotherapy is a first-line treatment, adjunctive non-pharmacological approaches like aerobic exercise and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have shown promise. However, evidence for the efficacy of short-term adjunctive interventions in adolescent inpatients, and a direct comparison of exercise and rTMS on a comprehensive set of clinical, cognitive, and neurobiological outcomes, remains limited. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 45 adolescent inpatients with moderate-to-severe depression were assigned to one of three groups for 4 weeks: Aerobic Exercise + Medication ( Results: A significant time × group interaction was observed for HAMD scores ( Conclusion: A 4-weeks adjunctive intervention of either aerobic exercise or rTMS significantly alleviates depressive and anxiety symptoms, enhances attention and executive function, and modulates serum levels of 5-HT and BDNF in adolescent inpatients. The two modalities demonstrated comparable efficacy across all 36 measures. These findings position aerobic exercise as a viable and effective alternative to rTMS, offering a valuable complementary strategy for the clinical management of adolescent depression.
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