Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41476997›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of endocrinology2025

Relationship Between Serum Osmolality and Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a US Population With Diabetes: Results From NHANES 1999-2004.

Taotao Zhang, Peiqian Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Taotao ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Fengyang People's Hospital, Fengyang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8482-0069
Peiqian LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Fengyang People's Hospital, Fengyang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8011-9655

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum osmolality and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Methods: We used data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004. The association of each variable with DFU was explored. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to test the relationship between serum osmolality and DFU. In addition, we performed subgroup analyses to assess the reliability of the results. Results: Serum osmolality was significantly associated with DFU ( Conclusions: We found that higher serum osmolality was associated with increased DFU odds. Close monitoring of serum osmolality levels in populations at high risk of DFU may facilitate early identification of the occurrence of DFU.

Indexed as

cross-sectional studiesdiabetic foot ulcersNHANESserum osmolality

Identifiers

PMID41476997
PMCPMC12752869

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.