ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
The descriptive epidemiology and projection of liver cancer in adolescents and young adults: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The global burden of liver cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 15-39 years) is an emerging concern. This study analyzes epidemiological trends from 1990 to 2021 and projects future burden to 2030 to inform prevention strategies. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we calculated age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality (ASMR) rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Joinpoint regression analyzed temporal trends, and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model projected future burden. Results: From 1990 to 2021, the absolute number of AYA liver cancer cases and deaths increased. However, ASIR peaked in the early 2000s before declining to 0.82 per 100,000 in 2021, with ASMR falling to 0.65 per 100,000. A sharp decline occurred around 2001-2005. The disease burden exhibited significant disparities: males had over double the incidence of females (ASIR 1.22 vs. 0.42). High-burden regions included East Asia and West Africa (e.g., Mongolia, Gambia), while middle-SDI regions carried the highest absolute burden. Projections indicate a continued rise in absolute incident cases (to 45,352) and deaths (to 31,448) by 2030, despite a narrowing of health inequalities. Conclusion: Although age-standardized rates have declined, the rising absolute burden of AYA liver cancer and persistent disparities highlight a critical need for targeted, equitable prevention and control measures globally.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.