ArticleJournal of neuropathology and experimental neurology2026
A novel hierarchical framework elucidating regional differences in α-synuclein and tau co-pathology in military veterans with parkinsonism.
Article in Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Implementation of a novel strategy to increase participation of Black and Hispanic people in parkinsonism research.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
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17 authors.
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Abstract
Neuropathologic features diagnostic of parkinsonian disorders infrequently occur in isolation; hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) and amyloid plaques are often observed in combination with α-synuclein deposition. Co-pathologies in neurodegenerative diseases are now recognized as the norm rather than an exception, but existing neuropathological assessment tools do not capture the complexity of concurrent co-pathologies. Characterization of this co-pathology is critical, as it has the potential to identify synergistic mechanisms. We developed a hierarchical cytoarchitectural classification system, which we applied to an autopsy series of military veterans with parkinsonism (n = 26), focusing on Lewy and neurofibrillary pathologies. We defined co-pathology as Type A (co-morbid), Type B (co-regional), Type C (co-cellular), or Type D (co-aggregate). The regional distributions of each co-pathology subtype were assessed using double-label immunohistochemistry in the frontal cortex, hippocampal formation, and midbrain. The frontal cortex demonstrated only subtypes A-C (no co-aggregates), whereas the midbrain and hippocampus showed all subtypes of copathology (A-D). In summary, we show marked differences in the prevalence and levels of mixed α-synuclein and tau pathology in this cohort. Our classification system has the potential to be applied broadly for the study of co-pathology in neurodegenerative disorders.
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