Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41474743›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Combinatorial treatment of glioblastoma with temozolomide (TMZ) plus 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU).

Humeyra Kaanoglu, Yasemin K Akyel, Adebimpe Adefolaju, Alain Valdivia, Dominique Higgins, Rani S Sellers, Caroline Mosely, Corey J Haswell, William C Zamboni, Shawn D Hingtgen and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Humeyra Kaanoglu *Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Yasemin K Akyel *Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Adebimpe AdefolajuDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Alain ValdiviaDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Dominique HigginsDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Rani S SellersLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Caroline MoselyUNC Advanced Translational Pharmacology and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Corey J HaswellUNC Advanced Translational Pharmacology and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
William C ZamboniUNC Advanced Translational Pharmacology and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.ORCID 0000-0002-8319-4482
Shawn D HingtgenDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Andrew B SatterleeDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Aziz SancarDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.ORCID 0000-0001-6469-4900

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Deborah F. Tate · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
Molecular Mechanism of Mammalian DNA Excision Repair, DNA Damage Checkpoints and the Circadian ClockR35GM118102 · NIGMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI AZIZ SANCAR · 2016 to 2026
$10.6M
CTSA K12 Program at UNCK12TR004416 · NCATS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Michelle Hernandez, Jonathan J Juliano · 2023 to 2026
$6.5M
DNA Adduct Detection and Repair in Mammalian CellsR01ES033414 · NIEHS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SANCAR, AZIZ · 2021 to 2025
$2.8M
HHS | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) K12TR004416HHS | NIH (NIH) ES033414HHS | NIH (NIH) GM118102NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004416NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES033414NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM118102
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults, with incidence peaking in later life. It is commonly treated with surgery followed by administration of ionizing radiation and the DNA-alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). Even though this regimen confers some progression-free survival, there is essentially no cure with the median survival with the standard of care being about 12 mo. Currently, several alternative approaches are being developed to improve upon this outcome. We have already shown EdU alone effectively treats GBM, and we now study the efficacy of TMZ+EdU combination therapy. TMZ+EdU significantly improves antitumor efficacy compared to either single-agent therapy against GBM cell lines in vitro, against three different orthotopic GBM xenograft models, and against passage-zero GBM patient tumor tissues engrafted within an organotypic brain slice culture-based platform. Together, our results suggest that EdU could be effective alongside standard-of-care TMZ in patients with GBM.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBrain NeoplasmsDeoxyuridineGlioblastomaTemozolomideAnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansMiceXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingDeoxyuridineTemozolomide5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU)anticancer drugschemotherapyglioblastoma (GBM)temozolomide (TMZ)

Identifiers

PMID41474743
PMCPMC12773753

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.