ArticlePloS one2025
Exploring the molecular link between obstructive sleep apnea and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A bioinformatics and machine learning study.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) are chronic conditions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. OSA involves recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, causing hypoxia and fragmented sleep linked to cardiovascular and metabolic issues. IC/BPS is defined by chronic pelvic pain and urinary symptoms; its pathophysiology is complex and poorly understood. The overlap in the prevalence of OSA and IC/BPS suggests a possible shared pathophysiological link. This study aimed to identify shared molecular mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers between OSA and IC/BPS through integrated bioinformatics approaches.
methodsThis study used bioinformatics and machine learning to analyze transcriptomic data for OSA and IC/BPS, identifying differential expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) constructed gene co-expression networks and identified hub genes, while immune infiltration analysis characterized the immune microenvironment. Four machine learning algorithms developed diagnostic models and also identified key markers.
resultsA total of 2,233 DEGs were identified in OSA and 1,183 in IC/BPS, with 93 overlapping genes. Among these, machine learning algorithms identified DUSP9 as the single common gene linking both disorders, forming two-gene signatures for each condition (DUSP9/CCDC68 for OSA and DUSP9/KPNA2 for IC/BPS). Key pathways for OSA included RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptor signaling. In contrast, IC/BPS was linked to cytokine interactions and JAK-STAT signaling. Immune infiltration analysis showed that DUSP9 expression was correlated with CD56dim natural killer cells in OSA and with activated CD4 T cells in IC/BPS, further supporting its role in the immune response associated with these disorders.
conclusionsThis study established DUSP9 as a pivotal shared biomarker and central regulator linking OSA and IC/BPS through integrated bioinformatics analysis.
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