ArticleF&S reports2025
Reproductive impact of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in women with melanoma.
Article in F&S reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cancer survivorship in malignant melanoma.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026Review
- Female Oncofertility in Colorectal Cancer: Reproductive Uncertainties and Potential Benefits of Immunotherapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Oncofertility in Women with Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Era: A Multidisciplinary Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Impact of immunotherapy and small molecule cancer therapy on fertility: a narrative review of current evidence, mechanisms and future directions.BMJ oncology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy and ovarian function: bridging reproductive health in oncology clinical trials.F&S reports · 2025Article
- A single-institution study evaluating the fertility of young adults with malignancy treated with immunotherapy.The oncologist · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To study the reproductive impact of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in cis-females with melanoma. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study that examined the reproductive outcomes of female patients exposed to systemic ICI therapy. Subjects: Cis-female patients, aged 18-40 years, with advanced-stage melanoma and no prior sterilization procedures or exposure to other systemic antineoplastic therapies who underwent treatment with systemic ICI therapy. Exposure: Systemic ICI treatment as first-line, only-line therapy for advanced-stage melanoma. Main Outcome Measures: Menstrual cycle data, contraceptive use, antimüllerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone values, and reproductive outcomes (occurrence of pregnancy) during and after ICI exposure. Results: There were 1,755 female patients with melanoma, aged 18-40 years, evaluated at MD Anderson Cancer Center between the years of 2015 and 2022. We identified 49 cis-females who met inclusion criteria. The most common treatment regimen was nivolumab (44.9%). Among 24 patients employing nonhormonal contraception, 79.2% reported regular menstrual cycle length throughout ICI therapy, with amenorrhea attributed to pregnancy or hypophysitis observed in the minority. Eight patients had a total of nine spontaneous conceptions, with two occurring during ICI therapy and seven after therapy. Limited availability of antimüllerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone values precluded conclusive analysis of laboratory markers. Conclusion: Study findings suggest minimal short-term reproductive effects of ICI therapy, with most patients maintaining regular menstrual cycles and no occurrences of primary ovarian insufficiency observed. This study contributes reassuring insights into the short-term reproductive effects of ICI therapy, highlighting the preservation of ovarian function and menstrual regularity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.