SynthesisFrontiers in sports and active living2025
Biomechanical analyses of the handstand: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the biomechanical analysis of the handstand. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted using databases SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed up to August 2025. The search included the following terms: "EMG or Electromyography and Handstand AND Gymnastics," "Kinetics AND Kinematics and Handstand AND Gymnastics," "Kinetics AND Handstand," and "Kinematics AND Handstand." Initially, 491 publications were identified. Of these, 21 studies were included in this systematic review, each of which conducted a biomechanical analysis of the handstand. Data from the 21 articles were extracted to conduct a biomechanical analysis of the handstand. Results: Of the included studies, 31% analyzed balance control strategies of the handstand, 57% performed a kinetic and kinematic analysis of the handstand, and 10% compared muscle activity during the handstand. Furthermore, 42% of the publications analyzed the center of pressure of the handstand, 36% analyzed joint angles, 21% reported on velocity, 21% examined joint torque contributions, 15% investigated angular velocity, 10% analyzed ground reaction forces (GRFs), 10% investigated electromyography (EMG) data, and 5% assessed vertical ground reaction forces (vGRFs). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that gymnasts minimize problems related to disturbed balance during the handstand using a "wrist strategy" to secure a fixed-body configuration. If the "wrist strategy" fails, then the wrists, shoulders, hips, and elbows are utilized, which can be interpreted as a mixed control strategy. Visual conditions and head positions also affect handstand balance. In particular, closing the eyes leads to decreased stability, and neck flexion impairs performance during the handstand. Gymnasts with greater strength possess better balance control. Other factors that also influence handstand performance are participation level and age of the performers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.