Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41472764›Full record

ArticleVeterinary world2025

Fecal carriage and multidrug resistance profiles of zoonotic

Emmanuel O Njoga, Emmanuel Ochi, Obichukwu C Nwobi, Joel C Ugwunwarua, Ebube C Anidobe, Onyinye S Onwumere-Idolor, Jameslove I Kperegbeyi, Everest O Atadiose, Temitope M Ogunniran, Ekene V Ezenduka and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary world, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Drivers of zoonoticOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Emmanuel O NjogaDepartment of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida (Science) Campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Emmanuel OchiDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Obichukwu C NwobiDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Joel C UgwunwaruaDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Ebube C AnidobeDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Onyinye S Onwumere-IdolorDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Southern Delta University, P. M. B. 5, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria.
Jameslove I KperegbeyiDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Southern Delta University, P. M. B. 5, Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria.
Everest O AtadioseDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University Abraka, PMB 001, Delta State, Nigeria.
Temitope M OgunniranDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Ekene V EzendukaDepartment of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
James W OguttuDepartment of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida (Science) Campus, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aim: Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and July 2024. A total of 370 broiler fecal samples were collected using systematic random sampling and cultured on Modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar. Phenotypic identification was performed by colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against nine antibiotics from distinct classes. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices were calculated, and Fisher's exact test was applied to determine statistical associations (p < 0.05). Results: Conclusion: The 20% fecal carriage of ZCS in slaughtered broilers and the 97.3% MDR prevalence pose a serious public-health and food-safety threat. Prudent antimicrobial use strengthened farm biosecurity, and active AMR surveillance under a One Health framework are urgently needed to curb the spread of antibiotic-resistant

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistancebroilersCampylobacter coliCampylobacter jejunifood safetymultidrug resistanceOne Health

Identifiers

PMID41472764
PMCPMC12745059

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.