ReviewMicroorganisms2025
Cell-to-Cell and Patient-to-Patient Variability in Antimicrobial Resistance.
Review in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial Persister Cells as Evolutionary Catalysts of Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Precision antimicrobials: the next paradigm shift after broad-spectrum therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a global health crisis, yet treatment outcomes cannot be explained by resistance genes alone. Increasing evidence highlights the importance of variability at two levels: within bacterial populations and across patients. At the microbial level, cell-to-cell variability including genetic mutations, stochastic gene expression, persister cell formation, heteroresistance, and spatial heterogeneity within biofilms creates phenotypic diversity that allows subsets of bacteria to survive antimicrobial stress. At the host level, patient-to-patient variability including differences in genetic background, immune competence, comorbidities, gut microbiome composition, and pharmacokinetics shapes both susceptibility to resistant infections and the likelihood of treatment success. Together, these dimensions explain why infections with the same pathogen can lead to divergent clinical outcomes. Understanding and integrating both microbial and host variability offers a path toward more precise diagnostics, personalized therapy, and novel strategies to counter AMR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.