ArticleLipids in health and disease2025
Association between body roundness index trajectories and the incidence of diabetes mellitus: a perspective from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between android-to-gynoid lean mass ratio and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, and the cross-sectional association decomposition of estimated glucose disposal rate.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Remodelling of body composition surrounding the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in three longitudinal cohorts.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Association between insulin resistance surrogate markers and cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with subclinical metabolic disorders: a prospective cohort study based on baseline levels, cumulative exposure, and longitudinal trajectories.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Nonlinear association between body fat percent and type 2 diabetes risk in Japanese adults: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the associations between longitudinal body roundness index (BRI) trajectories and the risk of incident diabetes mellitus (DM) using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
methodsGroup-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) identified distinct BRI trajectories (Waves 1-3, 2011-2016). Their associations with DM incidence (Wave 4, 2017-2018) were assessed using multivariate Cox models. The predictive performance of a single baseline BRI was compared with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) evaluated the incremental value of adding BRI trajectories to a conventional risk model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses, including a landmark approach, assessed robustness.
resultsAmong 4,150 participants, 103 developed DM. Three stable BRI trajectories were identified: low-stable (49.0%), moderate-stable (41.3%), and high-stable (9.7%). Compared with the low-stable group, the high-stable group had a significantly increased DM risk with a fully-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.63 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41-4.91). A single baseline BRI showed comparable discrimination to BMI and WC (AUC ≈ 0.63). Longitudinal trajectories of BRI, BMI, and WC all identified high-stable subgroups with elevated risk (HRs: BRI = 2.63, BMI = 2.16, WC = 2.31), with overlapping confidence intervals. However, adding BRI trajectories to a conventional model significantly improved risk reclassification (NRI = 10.76%, 95% CI: 2.40-19.47) and discrimination (IDI = 0.27%, 95% CI: 0.03-0.52). Results were consistent across subgroups and sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsSustained high BRI exposure, captured by longitudinal trajectory modeling, is independently associated with increased DM risk. While BRI trajectories were not statistically superior to BMI or WC trajectories, the longitudinal framework itself adds value over single-time-point assessments by more robustly identifying individuals with persistent high adiposity-related risk, highlighting the utility of monitoring long-term body shape stability for early risk stratification.
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