Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41469688›Full record

Trial reportBMC medicine2025

Prophylactic effect of intraoperative sodium oxybate on postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Meiying Cui, Hang Xue, Fang Wang, Jiayu Zhou, Xinyi Yang, Sisi Wang, Tianyi Xing, Lanlan Zheng, Ping Zhao

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Meiying Cui *Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Hang Xue *Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Fang WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Jiayu ZhouDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Xinyi YangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Sisi WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Tianyi XingDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Lanlan ZhengDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Ping ZhaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China. zhaoping_sj@163.com.ORCID 0000-0001-6392-5391

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) represents a significant challenge in perioperative care, particularly among older surgical patients. This acute neuropsychiatric syndrome is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, and long-term cognitive decline. Sleep disturbance has emerged as a significant modifiable risk factor for POD. Sodium oxybate (SO), a gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABA

methodsThis randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 332 older patients undergoing elective spine and joint replacement surgery. Participants received either sodium oxybate (30 mg kg

resultsPOD incidence showed no significant difference between groups in unstratified population (10.3% vs. 13.5%, P = 0.372). However, subgroup analysis revealed protective effects in morning surgery patients (7.3% vs. 18.5%, relative risk (RR) = 0.395, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.161-0.968, P = 0.033), while no effect was observed in the afternoon surgery group (13.3% vs. 8.5%, P = 0.318). Among patients with delirium, no significant differences were observed in delirium severity, onset timing, delirium duration, or subtype distribution after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. No significant differences were found in sleep quality, maximal pain score, or safety parameters between groups after FDR correction.

conclusionsIntraoperative sodium oxybate demonstrates possible time-specific efficacy, significantly reducing POD incidence exclusively in older patients undergoing morning orthopedic surgery, while demonstrating an acceptable safety profile with no significant adverse effects on anesthesia recovery or hemodynamic parameters, suggesting a potential chronotherapeutic approach to POD prevention.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300078594. Registered on 2023-12-13.

Indexed as

DeliriumIntraoperative CareOrthopedic ProceduresPostoperative ComplicationsSodium OxybateAgedAged, 80 and overDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleSodium OxybateMajor orthopedic surgeryOlder patientsPostoperative deliriumSodium oxybate

Identifiers

PMID41469688
PMCPMC12866248

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.