Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41469477›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Feasibility and diagnostic agreement of Apple Watch and KardiaMobile electrocardiograms compared with standard 12-lead ECG in children.

Stefan Kurath-Koller, Daniel Scherr, Nathalie Oeffl, Thomas Suppan, Hannes Sallmon, Vito Mustapic, Martin Manninger

Abstract readObservational StudyComparative Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Stefan Kurath-KollerDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036, Graz, Austria. stefan.kurath@medunigraz.at.
Daniel ScherrDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz, Austria.
Nathalie OefflDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Thomas SuppanDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Hannes SallmonDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Vito MustapicMagdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular Disease, Krapinske Toplice, at Faculty of Medicine, JJ Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia.
Martin ManningerDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mobile electrocardiogram (ECG) technologies such as the Apple Watch (AW) and KardiaMobile 6 L (KM) are increasingly used in adult cardiology, yet their performance in pediatric populations remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, tracing quality, and diagnostic agreement of AW and KM compared to standard 12-lead ECG (S12L) in children. We conducted a prospective observational study in children aged 4–17 years undergoing routine ECG evaluation. All 12 leads were reconstructed using alternative device positioning for both AW and KM. ECGs were independently analyzed by blinded pediatric cardiologists for standard parameters, rhythm interpretation, and tracing quality. A total of 30 patients were enrolled. Median acquisition times differed significantly across devices: 4 min (2;10 min; S12L), 5 min (4;10 min; KM), and 15 min (10;32 min; AW). KM yielded high tracing quality (median 9/10), comparable to standard ECG, while AW showed lower quality (median 6/10). Strong to very strong correlations (r = 0.6–0.96, p < 0.001) with standard ECGs were found for QRS axis, R and S wave voltages, and QT intervals. Both devices detected arrhythmic events. Mobile ECG devices showed strong agreement with standard ECG for selected parameters (e.g., QRS axis, major voltages), while other intervals demonstrated weaker correlation. Findings should be interpreted within the context of a small sample size and feasibility-oriented study. KM demonstrated higher signal quality and faster acquisition, while AW was limited by longer acquisition time and artifact sensitivity. Mobile ECG devices offer promising tools for pediatric arrhythmia diagnostics, although pediatric-specific adaptations are warranted.

Indexed as

Arrhythmias, CardiacElectrocardiographyAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesArrhythmiasChildrenPediatric cardiologyWearable ECG

Identifiers

PMID41469477
PMCPMC12858904

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.