Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41467541›Full record

ReviewAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Recent Advances in Collective Behaviors of Micro/Nanomotor Swarms.

Siwen Sun, Bingbing Sun, Alexander B Cook, Tania Patiño Padial, Jan C M van Hest

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Recent Advances in Collective Behaviors of Micro/Nanomotor Swarms.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Siwen SunBio-Organic Chemistry, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Institute For Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Bingbing SunBio-Organic Chemistry, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Institute For Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Alexander B CookBio-Organic Chemistry, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Institute For Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Tania Patiño PadialBio-Organic Chemistry, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Institute For Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Jan C M van HestBio-Organic Chemistry, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Institute For Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7973-2404

Funding

China Scholarship CouncilDutch Ministry of Education, Culture andScience 024.005.020Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture andScience Gravitation programs 024.001.035European Union's Horizon 2020 research, ERCAdvanced 694120Spinoza premium SPI 72-259
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Collective motion, exemplified by swarming insects, flocking birds, and bacterial colonies, emerges from the synchronized actions and velocity adjustments of individual units. Inspired by these natural phenomena, researchers have sought to replicate and harness collective behavior in swarms of self-propelled micro/nanomotors. This endeavor is of great importance for the development of multicomponent adaptive systems. Comprising numerous interacting elements, collective swarms exhibit emergent behaviors that capitalize on multi-motor cooperation, enabling highly efficient, flexible, and robust group performance. Understanding and engineering these behaviors are essential for translating them into practical applications. This review examines the driving forces underlying collective motion, outlines various modes of swarm formation across different dimensions, and highlights representative applications. By linking driving forces, system dimensionality, and functional implementation, it provides a comprehensive perspective on this field.

Indexed as

NanostructuresNanotechnologyAnimalsInsectacollective behaviordriving forcesfunctional applicationsmulti‐dimensional collective behaviorswarm manipulation

Identifiers

PMID41467541
PMCPMC12902600

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.