Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41467215›Full record

ArticleCurrent developments in nutrition2025

Associations Between Micronutrient Status, Hormones, and Immune Status During Pregnancy and Child Growth in Rural Bangladesh: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Belinda Chen, Andrew N Mertens, Chih-Hsien Lin, Sophia T Tan, Farheen Jamshed, Diego Figueroa, Caitlin Hemlock, Zachary Butzin-Dozier, Lia Ch Fernald, Christine P Stewart and 10 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Current developments in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01590095 (WASH Benefits Bangladesh), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01590095 naunknown statusnot on this map

WASH Benefits Bangladesh: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of the Benefits of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Plus Nutrition Interventions on Child Growth

TypeinterventionalSponsorInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshRan2012 to 2022Enrolled5,040ConditionsMalnutrition, Diarrhea, Child DevelopmentArmsWater quality, Sanitation, Hand washing, Water quality, Sanitation, Hand washing (Combined WASH), Nutrition
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Belinda ChenSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Andrew N MertensSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Chih-Hsien LinSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Sophia T TanDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Farheen JamshedSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Diego FigueroaSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Caitlin HemlockDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Zachary Butzin-DozierSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Lia Ch FernaldSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Christine P StewartInstitute for Global Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Alan E HubbardSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Md Ziaur RahmanDepartment of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.
Shahjahan AliDepartment of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States.
Benjamin F ArnoldFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Firdaus S DhabharDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Douglas A GrangerInstitute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
Mahbubur RahmanEnvironmental Health and WASH, Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Stephen P LubyDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
John M ColfordSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Audrie LinDepartment of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Poor growth in early childhood is associated with increased mortality, impaired cognitive development, and reduced adult economic productivity, which may result in higher risks of social immobility and intergenerational poverty. Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether maternal hormones, immune status, and micronutrient status during all trimesters of pregnancy were associated with child growth outcomes in the first two years after birth. Methods: This observational study used data collected from the WASH Benefits trial in rural Bangladesh to examine associations between maternal hormones [plasma cortisol, estriol], immune status [C-reactive protein, α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), cytokine sum score], and micronutrient status [vitamin D (25-hydroxy-D [25(OH)D]), ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol binding protein (RBP)] during pregnancy and subsequent measures of child growth. Length-for-age z-score (LAZ), weight-for-length z-score (WLZ), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) at 3, 14, and 28 mo were measured as the primary outcomes. All outcomes were adjusted for confounding variables, and the Results: In the adjusted models of this study ( Conclusions: These findings suggest the possible pathways through which maternal biomarkers influence early childhood growth, highlighting the intrauterine environment's critical role in shaping developmental outcomes.The parent trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01590095).

Indexed as

child growth outcomesmaternal hormonesmaternal inflammationmaternal micronutrientspregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41467215
PMCPMC12744257

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.