Effect of probiotics combined with periodontal basic therapy on inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with moderate periodontitis.

The aim is to evaluate the effect of probiotics combined with basic periodontal treatment on inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid so clarifying the clinical value and mechanism of this combined treatment for moderate periodontitis and so provide evidence for the application of probiotics in its management. From June 2021 to January 2023, a retrospective controlled clinical study was conducted on 140 individuals diagnosed with moderate periodontitis who had received treatment at the Department of Stomatology, the First Hospital of Handan. Based on treatment records, 70 patients who received probiotics combined with standard periodontal basic therapy were assigned to the study group, and 70 patients who received periodontal basic therapy alone were included as the control group. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from patient records, including inflammatory factors (interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), pro-inflammatory markers (matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, heat shock protein-70, high mobility group box 1), and periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD], GI, PLI, sulcus bleeding index [SBI]), which were measured before and after treatment to evaluate therapeutic effects. PD, GI, PLI, and SBI did not significantly vary across the groups before therapy. After 4 weeks, the study group's improvements in PD, GI, and PLI were better than those of the control group. At 8 weeks, the study group's PD, GI, PLI, and SBI were significantly better than those of the control group (P < .05). Prior to treatment, there were no changes in matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 or high mobility group box 1, however after 8 weeks, the study group's levels of pro-inflammatory markers decreased. heat shock protein-70 levels initially differed across the groups, however both showed decreases after treatment, with the study group showing significantly lower levels (P < .05). Similarly, there were no early differences in the study group's levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but after 8 weeks, they considerably dropped (P < .05). For individuals with moderate periodontitis, probiotics may significantly reduce inflammatory symptoms when used in conjunction with standard periodontal therapy. Additionally, they have the ability to control the amounts of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory substances. Additionally, they contributed to oral microecology, which is worthwhile to support and advantageous for the management of moderate periodontitis.