ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025
The Prevalence of Lung Carcinoma Among the Population in Bulgaria and Its Association with Radon Exposure in Residential Buildings.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Beyond the Scan: Adapting Multimodal Lung Cancer Screening for Central and Eastern Europe-Overcoming Systemic Barriers and Epidemiological Confounders.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Abstract
backgroundLung carcinoma remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with smoking as the primary risk factor and radon exposure as the second, and the first among non-smokers. The combined effect of tobacco smoke and indoor radon increases disease risk up to 2.5 times, emphasizing the need for prevention and environmental risk assessment.
methodsThis study analyzed the incidence of lung carcinoma in Bulgaria during 2013-2022 and examined its association with indoor radon exposure across different regions. Annual data were obtained from the National Statistical Institute and the National Survey of Indoor Radon Concentrations in Residential Buildings (2015-2016).
resultsThe average annual incidence was 43.5 per 100,000 population, showing a 3.4% annual decline, while the average prevalence was 131.7 per 100,000, decreasing by 1.4% per year. Considerable interregional variation was observed, with incidence ranging from 25.5 to 62.4 per 100,000. A moderate positive correlation was found between lung carcinoma incidence and mean indoor radon concentration, and a stronger to very strong correlation with the proportion of dwellings exceeding 300 Bq/m
conclusionsThese findings indicate a positive association between residential radon exposure and lung cancer morbidity and support maintaining the WHO-recommended reference level of 200 Bq/m
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