ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Sonographic Anatomy and Normal Measurements of the Human Kidneys: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ultrasound is the primary, non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating renal anatomy and function in both acute and chronic settings. Familiarity with normal kidney morphology, cortical and parenchymal thickness, echogenicity, and Doppler parameters is essential for differentiating normal findings from early manifestations of disease. This review summarizes established reference ranges and anatomical variants from the 1950s to 2025, highlighting differences related to age, sex, body habitus, and ethnicity. Practical emphasis is placed on the interpretation of renal size, cortical thickness, echogenicity, and resistive indices in clinical scenarios such as chronic kidney disease, renovascular hypertension, acute obstruction, and renal transplantation. By integrating sonographic measurements with clinical and laboratory findings, clinicians can achieve timely diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and guide therapeutic decisions while minimizing the need for invasive or radiation-based imaging.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.