ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
As Effective as You Perceive It: The Relationship Between ChatGPT's Perceived Effectiveness and Mental Health Stigma.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Platform shift in mental health support among undergraduates: from campus counselors to GenAI-based consultation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Disclosure is not destigmatization: rethinking AI and mental health stigma.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Individuals are increasingly using artificial intelligence chatbots, such as ChatGPT, to seek conversational support for their personal mental health difficulties. Heightened concerns about mental health stigma may make anonymous, on-demand chatbot interactions more appealing for some than traditional face-to-face support. This study examined if using ChatGPT-4 for personal mental health difficulties is associated with two distinct forms of stigma, anticipated stigma and self-stigma. Our main aim was to investigate if the perceived effectiveness of ChatGPT use for mental health issues mediates the relationship between ChatGPT usage and anticipated stigma and self-stigma. The sample comprised 73 participants, mostly undergraduate psychology students. Participants completed online self-report measures to assess ChatGPT usage for mental health purposes, perceived effectiveness of ChatGPT for mental health issues, and anticipated stigma and self-stigma. Perceived effectiveness of ChatGPT was significantly and positively correlated with ChatGPT usage, and significantly negatively correlated with reduced anticipated stigma. Cross-sectional analyses found that perceived effectiveness significantly mediated the relationship between ChatGPT use and anticipated stigma, but not for self-stigma. The results indicate that ChatGPT use, when perceived as effective, is associated with a reduction in anticipated stigma concerning mental health issues. More research is now needed in this emerging area to inform best practice on the use of AI aids for mental health issues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.