Fostering Playfulness in 2-to-6-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Study of Parental Play Support Profiles and Their Effects on Children's Playfulness.

Isabelle Duss, Cornelia Rüdisüli, Corina Wustmann Seiler, Patricia Lannen

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Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Isabelle DussInstitute of Education, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.

Cornelia RüdisüliSchaffhausen University of Teacher Education (PH Schaffhausen), 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland.

Corina Wustmann SeilerDepartment of Research and Development, Zurich University of Teacher Education (PH Zurich), 8090 Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9000-2859

Patricia LannenMarie Meierhofer Children's Institute (MMI), Associated Institute of the University of Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3239-2275

Funding

Swiss National Science Foundation 100019_192422

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parental play support is crucial to children's playfulness. Using a person-centered approach, we identified profiles of parental play support based on self-assessed roles. In total, 447 mothers and fathers reported their roles-co-player, playleader, director, uninvolved, or onlooker-during their child's play. These roles were assessed at two time points, spaced two years apart. Latent profile analysis revealed three distinct profiles: (1) engaged play support, (2) versatile play support, and (3) non-interfering play support. Parental affiliation to one of the three profiles was very stable over time, with only 14% of parents transitioning between profiles. Our longitudinal analysis indicated that the engaged play support profile, in which parents are closely involved in their child's play either by playing with the child or observing children's play, was significantly related to children's playfulness two years later. Notably, 28.4% of parents fell into this profile. These findings underscore the importance of active parental engagement in fostering children's playfulness.

Indexed as

children’s playfulnesslatent profile analysislatent profile transition analysislongitudinal studyparental play support

Identifiers

PMID41464059

DOI10.3390/bs15121716

PMCPMC12729853

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.