ReviewBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
A Meta-Analysis of Functional Communication Training for Young Children with ASD and Challenging Behavior in Natural Settings.
Review in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
This meta-analysis synthesized 34 published single-case design studies on functional communication training (FCT) for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A systematic search of electronic databases and reference lists identified studies published between 1996 and 2021 involving 79 children with ASD aged 2 to 8. Quality evaluation using What Works Clearinghouse standards revealed that only 29.4% of studies met standards with or without reservations, primarily due to insufficient data points per phase. Most studies were conducted in home or school settings with therapists/researchers as primary implementers, followed by parents or caregivers. Low reporting rates were found for preference assessment, treatment fidelity, social validity, and maintenance and generalization effects. Overall, FCT demonstrated large effects for reducing challenging behavior (Tau-BC = 0.97) and moderate-to-large effects for increasing replacement behavior (Tau-BC = 0.78). Moderator analyses revealed significantly larger effect sizes in school versus home settings (
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