Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41463774›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Purchasing Antibiotics Without a Prescription Among Patients in Rural South Africa: Implications for Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance.

Tiyani Milta Maluleke, Morgan Tiyiselani Maluleke, Nishana Ramdas, Ana Golić Jelić, Amanj Kurdi, Audrey Chigome, Stephen M Campbell, Vanda Marković-Peković, Natalie Schellack, Brian Godman and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tiyani Milta MalulekeDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6437-7198
Morgan Tiyiselani MalulekeSaselamani Pharmacy, Saselamani 0928, South Africa.
Nishana RamdasDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-9534-2972
Ana Golić JelićDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.ORCID 0000-0001-6883-4739
Amanj KurdiDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5036-1988
Audrey ChigomeDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.
Stephen M CampbellDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-2328-4136
Vanda Marković-PekovićDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.ORCID 0000-0001-8963-5720
Natalie SchellackDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0084, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-9690-6285
Brian GodmanDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6539-6972
Johanna C MeyerDepartment of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Garankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-0462-5713

Funding

South African National Research Fund UID: 138722
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

antibioticsantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial stewardshiphealth policypatientsprescribersprevalence antibiotic useself-purchasing antibioticsSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID41463774
PMCPMC12729307

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.