ReviewCancers2025
Can TP53, TMB and TME Expand the Immunotherapy Benefit in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?
Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Revisiting tumor immunogenicity through the lens of mutant p53: Implications for cancer immunotherapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Liver microenvironment-driven immunosuppressive niche in colorectal cancer liver metastasis and its therapeutic remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with TP53 gene mutations, which are commonly found in tumors that are microsatellite stable (MSS) and not prone to genetic errors seen in some cancers, is associated with aggressive cancer behavior and poor outcomes. While MSI-high (MSI-H, referring to high levels of gene instability) disease benefits markedly from PD-1-based immunotherapy (drugs that inhibit the PD-1 protein on immune cells), TP53-mutated MSS tumors rarely receive immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs, drugs that help immune cells attack cancer) outside of trials and often only in later lines of therapy.
objectiveWe aimed to synthesize translational and clinical evidence regarding the effects of early rationale-driven immunotherapy combinations on survival outcomes, in TP53-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer, with a focus on practical clinical implications.
methodsThis narrative review was conducted in accordance with SANRA criteria. Literature searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (2010-2025). Relevant ESMO and NCCN guidelines and key references were also reviewed.
resultsIn KEYNOTE-177 study (MSI-H/dMMR), pembrolizumab improved PFS (HR 0.60) and showed durable OS with >5-year follow-up. CheckMate-142 reported sustained activity with nivolumab ± ipilimumab. Preclinical/early clinical data in MSS/TP53 suggest that ICIs may become effective when combined with priming (chemo/DDR) and vascular normalization (anti-VEGF), particularly in subsets with elevated TMB. The randomized ROME trial supports the clinical utility of genomically matched, NGS-guided strategies.
conclusionsA precision approach integrating TP53 status, TMB, and TME modulation could extend the immunotherapy benefit beyond MSI-H to TP53-mutated MSS mCRC; prospective first-line trials are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.