Effect of a behaviour change wheel nursing program on glycaemic control, self-efficacy, and hospitalisation outcomes in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Fengrong Chen, Hongying Pan, Yuezhong Wang, Jia Liu, Yuqing Wang, Juanfen Wu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fengrong ChenNursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Hongying PanNursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. 3191016@zju.edu.cn.

Yuezhong WangNursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Jia LiuOphthalmology Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Yuqing WangNursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Juanfen WuNursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Funding

Zhejiang Province Medicine and Health Science and Technology Program Project 2024KY1115Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education Project Y202248718

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Knowledge, attitude, and compliant behavior among diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients in China are suboptimal, highlighting the need for effective health education. This study evaluated a nursing management protocol based on the behavior change wheel (BCW) theory. We enrolled 100 DR patients via convenience sampling (50 per group), all of whom were included in the final intention-to-treat analysis, despite three dropouts (one death in the control group and two lost to follow-up in the experimental group). The control group received conventional nursing care, while the experimental group underwent a BCW-based nursing program. Outcomes included blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), self-efficacy, hospitalization length, and costs. Compared to the control group (8.1%), the experimental group achieved significantly lower HbA1c (6.6%; mean difference -1.5%, p < .001), alongside reduced blood glucose, shorter hospitalization, and lower costs (all p < .05). Additionally, a structured nurse training program based on BCW significantly improved nursing knowledge, with post-test scores increasing by 33.4% (p < .001). Our findings suggest that BCW-based nursing interventions effectively and significantly reduced perioperative glycemic levels and enhanced self-efficacy in DR patients. Furthermore, it facilitated the standardization of nursing management practices. Incorporating BCW-based nursing programs into standard clinical protocols could further strengthen their impact and support healthcare stakeholders in adopting evidence-informed strategies.

Indexed as

Diabetic RetinopathyGlycemic ControlHospitalizationSelf EfficacyAgedBlood GlucoseChinaFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinBCW theoryDiabetic retinopathyEvidence-based practiceHealth education model

Identifiers

PMID41461867

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-33822-w

PMCPMC12852086

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

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None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.