Experimental evaluation of nanobiochar and metallic oxide nanoparticles with Croton macrostachyus seed oil biodiesel on combustion and emission characteristics.

Adem Siraj Mohammed, Venkata Ramayya Ancha, Samson Mekbib Atnaw

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Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 authors.

Adem Siraj MohammedDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. adem.siraj@aastu.edu.et.

Venkata Ramayya AnchaJiT Center of Excellence, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, P.O.Box:378, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Samson Mekbib AtnawDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomass-derived nanoparticles offer a safer alternative to metallic oxides, yet their use in diesel-biodiesel blends remains limited. This study explores the catalytic effect of corn stover-derived nanobiochar (NBC) on the performance, combustion, and emissions of Croton macrostachyus (CMS) biodiesel, compared with Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ nanoparticles, at 2700 RPM and 0-80% load. The novelty lies in revealing NBC's influence on CP, apparent HRR, and ID period in CMS biodiesel blends. Experiments were conducted using six fuel blends: B20 (20% CMS biodiesel + 80% diesel), B20NBC30, B20NBC50, B20NBC75 (with 30, 50, and 75 ppm NBC, respectively), B20A50 (with 50 ppm Al₂O₃), and B20T50 (with 50 ppm TiO₂). The result shows that the NBC additive reduced the NOx, CO, and HC emissions by up to 9.8%, 8.4%, and 27.3% respectively, and BSFC by 2.2% and increased BTE by 2.6% compared to the B20. Conversely, TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ were more effective in reducing HC emissions, achieving reductions of 45.9% and 29.5% respectively, while reducing BSFC and increasing BTE compared to NBC additive. In addition, B20NBC50 exhibited an average reduction in cylinder pressure (CP) of 0.5%, heat release rate (HRR) of 517.51 J/

Indexed as

BiodieselCroton macrostachyusCylinder pressureHeat release rateNanobiochar

Identifiers

PMID41461725

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-28589-z

PMCPMC12748700

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