ArticleTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2026
A National Survey of Adherence to Glucose-Lowering Medication Among Adults With Diabetes in Indonesia.
Article in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNon-adherence to medication is a major challenge for patients with diabetes. Despite the growing burden of diabetes in Indonesia, nation-wide research on medication adherence remains limited.
objectiveTo identify factors associated with adherence to glucose-lowering medication among adults with diabetes in Indonesia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2023 Indonesian National Health Survey (SKI), a nationwide survey using a stratified, multi-stage sampling method with probability-proportional-to-size household selection collecting data by personal interview at home. Respondents with diabetes using glucose-lowering medication were included. Multiple logistic regression for complex sample analysis was used to model the adherence to glucose-lowering medication, ensuring population-level representativeness and exploring the factors associated with adherence.
resultsOf 13,960 respondents, 12.3% were non-adherent. Regular follow-ups at health facilities showed the strongest association with adherence (OR = 11.56, 95% CI: 8.74-15.27, p < 0.001). Other significant factors included receiving medication from medical personnel (OR = 4.13, 95% CI: 3.25-5.26, p < 0.001), insulin use (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.76-4.27, p < 0.001), self-purchasing medication (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.17-1.91, p = 0.001), receiving diabetes management education (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.20-1.79, p < 0.001), maintaining a healthy diet (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.26-1.95, p < 0.001), and regular exercise (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.10-1.65, p < 0.001). In contrast, herbal medicine use was negatively associated with adherence (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.65, p = 0.005).
conclusionsMedication adherence is associated with a combination of treatment and healthcare system/healthcare provider-related factors. Improved patients' engagement and better access to glucose-lowering medications could increase medication adherence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.