ArticlePloS one2025
Global, regional, and national burden of kidney dysfunction-attributed ischemic heart disease from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIschemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with kidney dysfunction (KD) emerging as a critical independent risk factor. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the global burden and trends of KD-attributed IHD from 1990 to 2021.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. We examined trends in mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of KD-attributable IHD, with stratification by sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI). The association between burden and SDI was evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient, and a smoothed curve model was developed to analyze the stage of the association.
resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, global deaths and DALYs from KD-attributable IHD increased by 22.4% and 18.7%, respectively, despite a decline in age-standardized rates (ASRs). Low- and low-middle SDI regions experienced the highest burden, with increasing ASRs, while high-SDI regions showed significant reductions. Males exhibited a higher burden, with pronounced age-specific increases in IHD burden post-50 years. Significant threshold effects were observed, with substantial declines in ASRs only in regions with SDI values above 0.7.
conclusionsThe global burden of KD-attributable IHD is increasing, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Socioeconomic development plays a crucial role in mitigating the disease burden, underscoring the need for targeted interventions, including chronic kidney disease screening, lifestyle modification, and integrated cardiovascular and renal care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.