ArticlePhysical and engineering sciences in medicine2026
Equivalence of analog and digital high-frequency electrocardiogram: validating Sydäntek for ischemia detection.
Article in Physical and engineering sciences in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
High-frequency electrocardiography (HF-ECG) enhances ischemia detection by capturing microvolt-level changes in the QRS complex; however, clinical adoption requires validating digital systems against Analog standards. We recorded HF-ECG signals simultaneously from 12 healthy subjects (84 beats total) using a five-stage Analog reference (100-500 Hz band-pass, gold connectors) and Sydäntek's 10× capacitive sensors; both outputs were digitized using a Texas Instruments ADS1298. Signals underwent 10× amplification with a low-noise op-amp, the Analog output was scaled to match, and data were processed in PulseTek™ and stored in PulseVault™. Root mean square (RMS), Amplitude, Kurtosis, and Frequency content were compared using Bland-Altman analysis (Analog as the reference); values reported reflect pre-amplified measurements in microvolts (µV). Mean differences between the Analog setup and Sydäntek fell within the 95% limits of agreement (LOA): RMS, 6.39 µV (- 49.74 to 62.52 µV); amplitude, 1.82 µV (- 57.09 to 60.73 µV); kurtosis, 1.93 (- 5.13 to 1.54); and frequency, 2.1 Hz (- 5.8 to 6.2 Hz), all within a 5% clinical tolerance when scaled 10× (~ 10-20 mV). Sydäntek matched analog fidelity, with frequency peaks near ~ 150 Hz, indicating digital HF-ECG performance equivalent to that of the Analog system on key metrics. Its wearable design and cloud integration provide a portable, reliable alternative for ischemia detection with broader clinical applicability.
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