Factor Structure and Psychometric Evaluation of the Parent-Child Sleep Interactions Scale (PSIS) Among Children Adopted From Foster Care.

We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Parent-Child Sleep Interactions Scale (PSIS) in families with children adopted from foster care. Data were collected from adoptive parents of 240 preschool-aged children, ages 3-6 years, (M = 4.24 years, SD = 1.06; 41.67% female) from across the U.S. Parents completed questionnaires assessing demographics, child sleep problems, and child depressive and anxiety symptoms. We randomly split the sample and conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in sample one, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in sample two. Internal consistency reliability and convergent validity of the final PSIS from the CFA were assessed. The EFA revealed the same three factors identified in the original 12-item measure: Sleep Reinforcement, Sleep Conflict, and Sleep Dependence. However, two items' factor loadings did not meet retention criteria. After removing these items, the three-factor solution was maintained, with good model fit. Internal consistency reliability for all PSIS subscales was good and all subscales were negatively correlated with sleep quality and positively correlated with total child sleep problems and symptoms of separation anxiety. Findings provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the revised PSIS for assessing sleep-related parent-child interactions among preschoolers with a history of placement in foster care.