ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Clinical updates of JAK inhibitors in cutaneous granulomatous diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prompt recurrence of granuloma annulare upon Janus kinase inhibitor discontinuation.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cutaneous granulomatous diseases, characterized by persistent granuloma formation, often exhibit chronic and relapsing courses that are challenging to manage with conventional therapies. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway plays a central role in mediating key cytokines involved in granuloma initiation and maintenance, such as IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-23. JAK inhibitors, by targeting this pathway, offer a promising therapeutic strategy for refractory cases. This review synthesizes current evidence supporting the efficacy of JAK inhibitors-including tofacitinib, ruxolitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib-in conditions such as sarcoidosis, granuloma annulare, granulomatous rosacea, and adverse reactions to cosmetic injectables. Clinical studies and case reports have demonstrated that JAK inhibitors significantly improve lesion outcomes and effectively control symptoms in these conditions, highlighting their potential as targeted treatments. However, further large-scale trials are needed to establish optimal dosing, long-term safety, and predictive biomarkers for personalized therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.