ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Metabolic regulation of regulatory T cells: mechanisms, heterogeneity, and implications in disease.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Immunometabolic reprogramming in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic amplifier to therapeutic target in neuroinflammation and remyelination.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- The Glucose Transporter GLUT3 Controls Regulatory T Cell Function.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Tumor-adapted regulatory T cells: Molecular reprogramming, immune suppression, and therapeutic targeting in cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Metabolic reprogramming of Th17/Treg imbalance in autoimmune thyroid diseases.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- T cell-mediated immunodysregulation in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic subsets to therapeutic advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in vitiligo: a review of functional disequilibrium between peripheral blood and lesional tissue.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- RACK1 in host immune response to infections: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in pregnancy disorders: a multi-dimensional framework for biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in cardiac allograft vasculopathy: from mechanistic insights to clinical tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immuno-inflammatory-metabolic interactions in cardiovascular diseases: a review from basic mechanisms to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune remodeling of tumor-draining lymph nodes: mechanistic determinants of checkpoint blockade responsiveness.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for maintaining immune tolerance, preventing autoimmune responses, and supporting tissue repair. Tregs employ a flexible and diverse metabolic program that includes glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid oxidation, and lipid metabolism compared to conventional T cells, which largely rely on glycolysis to fuel their proliferation and function. This flexibility allows Tregs to adapt in different tissue environments while sustaining their suppressive activity. Thymic-derived (tTregs), peripheral (pTregs), and induced (iTregs) exhibit distinct metabolic profiles that influence their stability, proliferation, and suppressive capacity. These metabolic pathways are controlled by key regulators such as mTOR, LKB1, and Foxp3, while environmental cues, including nutrient availability, hypoxia, and microbiota-derived metabolites, further shape Treg function. Dysregulation of these pathways can compromise tolerance and contribute to immune-mediated diseases, chronic infections, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this mini review, we summarize recent insights into the heterogeneity of Treg metabolism, highlighting how metabolic reprogramming underpins their immunoregulatory roles. We also explore therapeutic opportunities for targeting Treg metabolism and discuss future directions leveraging single-cell and spatial technologies to map context-specific metabolic programs
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.