ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine metabolites in regulating Treg cells: an integrative pathway review.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Role of gut microbiota in cancer modulation: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of bidirectional crosstalk between hepatic stellate cell-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts and T cells in immune evasion and therapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Systems-level molecular and immunological evidence identifies Th17/Treg modulation as a key mechanism of CRSJ's neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular immunopharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine-derived compounds in membranous nephropathy: mechanistic insights into immune aging and kidney essence deficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs), characterized by the transcription factor Methods: We reviewed studies from PubMed up to August 2025, focusing on molecular, cellular, and microbiota-related mechanisms by which TCM modulates Tregs. Identified evidence was synthesized into four major mechanisms and further integrated into three regulatory axes. Results: TCM regulates Tregs through four mechanisms: (1) Foxp3 expression regulation mechanisms; (2) IL-2 receptor pathway mechanisms; (3) Regulation of other Treg surface molecules; and (4) Gut microbiota modulation mechanisms. These four mechanisms converge into three regulatory axes: the core execution axis (direct Conclusion: This review proposes an integrated framework that refines four regulatory mechanisms into three axes, highlighting the multi-layered and interconnected pathways through which TCM shapes Treg biology. This systems-level perspective provides a theoretical basis for developing TCM-derived strategies in immune-mediated diseases and cancer immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
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