Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41458899›Full record

ArticleNeurology (E-Cronicon)2025

Neurospirituality Connectome - Role in Neurology and Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS).

Kenneth Blum, Eric R Braverman, Milan Makale, Foojan Zeine, A Kenison Roy, Jag Khalsa, David E Smith, David Baron, Nicole Jafari, Debasis Bagchi and 21 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology (E-Cronicon), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Kenneth BlumDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Eric R BravermanDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Milan MakaleDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Foojan ZeineInternational Awareness Integration Institute, San Clemente, CA, USA.
A Kenison RoyDepartment of Psychiatry, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Jag KhalsaDepartment of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
David E SmithDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
David BaronDivision of Addiction Research and Education, Center for Sports, Exercise, and Global Health, Western University Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, USA.
Nicole JafariDivision of Developmental Progression, Global Growth Institute, San Clemente, CA, USA.
Debasis BagchiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern University College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA.
Catherine A DennenDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Abdalla BowirratDepartment of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Albert PinhasovDepartment of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Panyotis K ThanosDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Keerthy SunderDivision of Addiction Research and Education, Center for Sports, Exercise, and Global Health, Western University Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, USA.
Kevin T MurphyDivision of Personalized Neuromodulation, Peak Logic, Del Mar, CA, USA.
Miles R MakaleDepartment of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Edward J ModestinoDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Kai-Uwe LewandrowskiDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Alireza SharafshahDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Igor ElmanDepartment of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Aryeh PollackDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Chynna LevinDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Rossano Kepler Alvim FiorelliDepartment of General and Specialized Surgery, Gaffrée e Guinle Universitary Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Brazil.
Sergio SchmidtPost-Graduate Program in Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Alex Pl LewandrowskiDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Shaurya MahajanDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Daniel GasteluDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Gianni MartireDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
Joseph MorganFounder Kotzker Phfarma, Yardley, PA USA.
Rajendra D BadgaiyanDivision of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, The Kenneth Blum Behavioral and Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX, USA.

Funding

Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: Risk Factors, Early Detection and Personalized InterventionUL1TR001409 · NCATS · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI GONDRE-LEWIS, MARJORIE C, MELLMAN, THOMAS A · 2015 to 2024
$37.8M
Dopamine Neurotransmission in Tourette SyndromeR01NS073884 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
Serotonin receptors that potentiate addiction-related behavioral and molecular effects induced by methylphenidate plus SSRI exposureR01DA046794 · NIDA · ROSALIND FRANKLIN UNIV OF MEDICINE & SCI · PI BOLANOS, CARLOS A., STEINER, HEINZ · 2019 to 2023
$1.7M
Skeletal Effects of MethylphenidateR01HD070888 · NICHD · STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK · PI KOMATSU, DAVID E · 2013 to 2017
$1.6M
CSRD VA I01 CX000479NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001409NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD070888NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA046794NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073884
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Addictions are alarmingly prevalent worldwide, leading to severe health issues, disruptive relationships, diminished productivity, and increased criminal behavior, which collectively impose substantial and tragic costs on individuals, families, and society. Addiction arises from a complex interplay of factors, including genetic predispositions, environmental triggers, and individual behavioral patterns, rendering addiction research and treatment particularly challenging. Although considerable data on the neurophysiology of addiction exists and pharmacological interventions are available, patient compliance and motivation remain crucial factors that have been relatively overlooked. Spirituality may play a significant role in fostering healing behaviors and deserves more attention in addiction treatment. Due to the unique interaction between genetic and environmental factors, healthy spirituality may come more naturally to some individuals than others. This hypothesis is supported by the literature we review, which situates spirituality within the cognitive and emotional processes of self-identity and religiosity. Evidence suggests that recovery from substance use disorders is often more successful when individuals have well-defined life goals. The brain's Default Mode Network (DMN) may be instrumental in this context. We introduce the novel concept of the Neurospirituality Connectome, which we posit as central to the understanding of reward processing. This proposed synergy between the psycho-neural substrates of cognition, emotion, and spirituality could provide a self-sustaining impetus and framework, aiding patients in navigating the complex psychophysiological landscape of addiction recovery.

Indexed as

GeneospiritualityGenetic Addiction Risk SeverityHypodopaminergiaNeurospirituality ConnectomePurpose and Meaning of Life as Reward (PMLR)ReligiositySelf-Help Groups

Identifiers

PMID41458899
PMCPMC12742807

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.