ArticleBiomaterial investigations in dentistry2025
Zoledronate and Clodronate affecting bone repair in non-critical defects grafted with carbonated nanostructured hydroxyapatite: an
Article in Biomaterial investigations in dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of two different generations of bisphosphonates (BPs) on bone repair assisted by an alloplastic bone graft (spheres of nanostructured carbonate apatite/calcium, CHA) in a non-critical defect in the rat femur. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups: Control group (blood clot), carbonate apatite (CHA) alone, Zoledronate (Zol) with blood clot, Clodronate (Clo) with blood clot, Zol+CHA, and Clo+CHA. Drugs were administered intraperitoneally (Zol: 0.6 mg/kg; Clo: 20 mg/kg) every 30 days for 60 days before surgery. Standardized monocortical femoral defects (2 mm) were created and filled according to group assignment. After 30 days of healing, samples were harvested for histological and histomorphometrical evaluation. New bone formation and remnant biomaterial were quantified. Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post hoc ( Results: Histological analysis revealed enhanced new bone formation in groups treated with BPs, especially when combined with CHA. The Zol+CHA group exhibited the highest new bone formation (24.0 ± 4.0%), significantly greater than Control (2.0 ± 0.5%; Conclusion: Both bisphosphonates enhanced bone repair in the femoral defect model, demonstrating a synergistic effect when combined with nanostructured CHA. Zoledronate required the presence of the biomaterial to exert its osteogenic influence, while Clodronate stimulated new bone formation independently. These findings indicate that generation-specific differences among bisphosphonates may guide their future use in bone tissue engineering strategies.
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