Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41458296›Full record

ArticleClinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH2025

Stigma and Help-Seeking Attitudes in Relation to Psychological Distress Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Wejdan M Al-Johani, Abdulelah H Almansour, Dalal M AlBakr, Duaa Alghirash, Abdulmohsen N Alfadhli, Raseel B Almutairi, Osama A Mobarki, Sultan A Alqasim, Malak A Al-Shammari, Moataza M Abdelwahab

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Family Honor, Gender Norms, and Help-Seeking Shape Mental Health Stigma in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wejdan M Al-JohaniDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-0934
Abdulelah H AlmansourDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-6520
Dalal M AlBakrDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4072-2506
Duaa AlghirashImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2784-1750
Abdulmohsen N AlfadhliImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2825-0960
Raseel B AlmutairiImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0543-0127
Osama A MobarkiCollege of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1900-238X
Sultan A AlqasimCollege of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1022-9043
Malak A Al-ShammariDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7434-7432
Moataza M AbdelwahabDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-2432

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Psychological distress is common among medical students worldwide. However, psychological stigma remains a significant barrier to seeking help. This study explores the association between psychological distress, stigma, and attitudes toward help-seeking among medical students in the unique cultural context of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey distributed to medical students across Saudi Arabia, yielding 1,077 completed responses. Sociodemographic data were collected, along with responses to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), the Stigma Scale for Receiving Psychological Help (SSRPH-A), and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPH-SF-A). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and factor analysis. Results: Overall, 32.2% of students reported low distress, 34.5% moderate distress, and 33.4% high distress. Female students exhibited higher distress but greater openness to seeking help, while males reported higher stigma. Lower GPA and income were associated with increased distress and reduced help-seeking attitudes. Regional variations were observed, with Najran reporting the highest distress, and Madinah and Qassim showing higher openness to help-seeking. Discussion: Findings are consistent with the international studies, indicating that stigma significantly hinders service utilization despite need. Cultural norms, socioeconomic status, and educational systems further shape attitudes. Digital healthcare transformation in Saudi Arabia offers opportunities to reduce stigma and expand access. Conclusion: Psychological distress and stigma remain prevalent among Saudi medical students, influenced by gender, socioeconomic, and regional factors. Targeted, culturally informed interventions are essential to reduce psychological stigma, promote awareness, and encourage positive help-seeking behaviors within academic environments.

Indexed as

Help-seekingMedical studentsMental healthPsychological distressPsychological stigmaSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID41458296
PMCPMC12741977

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.