Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41457716›Full record

ReviewActa medica academica2025

Connections Between Prefrontal Cortex Anatomy and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review.

Efthalia Tzila, Eleni Panagouli, Maria Tsouka, Amir Shihada, Dionysios Venieratos, Dimosthenis Chrysikos, Theodore Troupis

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Acta medica academica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Efthalia TzilaDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Eleni PanagouliDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, University of Nicosia, UNIC Athens, 16777, Athens, Greece. eleni72000@yahoo.gr.
Maria TsoukaDepartment of Psychology, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France.
Amir ShihadaDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Dionysios VenieratosDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Dimosthenis ChrysikosDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Theodore TroupisDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis review examines the existing literature on the structural and functional changes in the anatomy of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), focusing on the roles of molecular signaling disruptions and trace element imbalances.

methodsA literature review was performed through a structured search of academic publications from 2010 to 2025. DISCUSSION: Anatomic variations and structural and functional abnormalities within the PFC, including disruptions in neural connectivity, synaptic plasticity, and neurochemical balance, significantly contribute to the cognitive, social, and emotional deficits observed in ASD. The interplay between brain-derived neurotrophic factor dysregulation, oxidative stress, and trace element imbalances further exacerbates these dysfunctions.

conclusionAccording to our findings, the anatomy of the PFC appears to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ASD, given its involvement in executive function, emotional processing, and social cognition, suggesting a multifactorial pathophysiology that demands a multidimensional research approach.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderPrefrontal CortexExecutive FunctionHumansNeuronal PlasticityAnatomyAutismBrain StructureSynapse

Identifiers

PMID41457716
PMCPMC12908599

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.