ReviewJournal of materials science. Materials in medicine2025
Application of chitosan-based nanogels for dermal and transdermal delivery systems.
Review in Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nanotechnologies for Skin Drug Delivery: Polymeric, Bio-Based, and Hybrid Nanocarriers with Clinical and Translational Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Chitosan Derivatives: Challenges and Opportunities in the Green and Sustainable Transition Era.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We review the utilization of chitosan-based nanogels as advanced vehicles for dermal drug delivery. Dermal delivery allows local treatment with a simple application for the patient, while also providing an alternative route that avoids gastrointestinal degradation and first-pass metabolism to help reduce doses and systemic side effects. Nanogels are nanoscale hydrogel networks that preserve the drug-loading capacity and tunable release characteristics of hydrogels, while retaining the colloidal stability of nanoparticles. The addition of chitosan into nanogels provides bioadhesive and permeability-enhancing characteristics; for example, chitosan's positive charge promotes adhesion to negatively charged skin and can transiently open tight junctions to improve uptake of drugs. Chitosan nanogels exhibit higher drug encapsulation efficiency and more controlled release than conventional topical or bulk gels, and improved penetration into biological membranes due to their small size and surface charge. Chitosan nanogels can be prepared by various methods, including via ionic gelation (electrostatic crosslinking), emulsification (with emulsion polymerization), self-assembly, and radical (covalent) polymerization. These systems have been investigated in dermatology, skin care, cosmetics, and dermal cancer therapy. Overall, chitosan nanogels represent a unique and versatile platform in which mucoadhesion, biocompatibility, and permeation enhancement can collectively improve the efficacy and safety of topical and transdermal therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.