Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41456038›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2025

Molecular convergence of luminal androgen receptor and molecular apocrine defines a distinct entity in ER-negative breast tumors.

Adrien Borgel, Etienne Camenen, Catherine Miquel, Philippe Bertheau, Luis Teixeira, Jacqueline Lehmann-Che

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Adrien BorgelUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France. adrien.borgel@aphp.fr.
Etienne CamenenUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France.
Catherine MiquelUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France.
Philippe BertheauUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France.
Luis TeixeiraUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France.
Jacqueline Lehmann-CheUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis (IRSL), 75010, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEstrogen receptor-negative breast cancers are clinically heterogeneous. Two subtypes, Luminal Androgen Receptor and Molecular Apocrine Breast Cancers, are both defined by androgen signaling but identified through distinct transcriptomic classifiers. Their relationship remains unclear despite overlapping features.

methodsWe analyzed transcriptomic and genomic data from public and institutional cohorts using two classification systems. Gene set enrichment and immune deconvolution analyses were performed to characterize differences between overlapping and discordant tumors. A four-gene signature was developed and validated using RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR on both fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed samples.

resultsSubstantial overlap was observed between the two subtypes, with shared activation of androgen and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Discordant tumors were enriched in immune and stromal signals. A four-gene signature (AR, FOXA1, SPDEF, TFF3) identified overlapping tumors with high sensitivity and specificity across datasets and remained accurate in RT-qPCR assays on FFPE material.

conclusionLuminal Androgen Receptor and Molecular Apocrine Breast Cancers constitute a single molecular entity within estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers. The validated four-gene signature enables robust clinical identification and may guide future therapeutic stratification.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsReceptors, AndrogenReceptors, EstrogenFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alphaHumansSignal TransductionTranscriptomeAR protein, humanBiomarkers, TumorFOXA1 protein, humanHepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alphaReceptors, AndrogenReceptors, EstrogenBreast cancerDiagnostic biomarkersGene expression profilingLuminal androgen receptorMolecular apocrine breast cancerTumor heterogeneity

Identifiers

PMID41456038
PMCPMC12853821

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.