ArticleBMC microbiology2025
"Multidrug-Resistant Achromobacter isolated from soil: an emerging pathogen".
Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe soil environment is a natural reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). It plays a crucial role in the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance determinants. Anthropogenic activities, such as using antibiotics in healthcare facilities, aggravate the proliferation of ARG in soil. Exploring the soil environment can help in gaining insight about the presence, prevalence, and distribution of antibiotic resistance determinants. In the current study, we tried to isolate antibiotic-resistant bacteria from soil samples collected from around the incinerator at Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Super Speciality Hospital premises. The isolated resistant bacteria were profiled for resistance against antibiotics of different classes. Out of all the isolates, a clinically important strain, “Achromobacter insolitus,” was identified and selected for further characterization.
resultThe Achromobacter insolitus, isolated from soil, demonstrated a multidrug-resistant phenotype against low concentrations of different antibiotics but a high degree of resistance against β-lactam antibiotics. It also exhibited an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype and low-level resistance against heavy metal zinc. A comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of an active efflux pump, with enhanced efficiency at lower temperatures, potentially contributing to its resistance profile. For molecular analysis to identify the contributing β-lactam resistance genes a number of different primer sets were used. Three amplicons of approximately 500 bp (seq1), 900 bp (seq2) and 640 bp (seq3) were obtained. During sequence analysis seq1 and seq2 were found to bear 99% similarity to the bla-TEM-116 gene in the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) whereas no match of seq3 was found in CARD instead when BLAST employed for seq3 a 99% similarity to a region on chromosome 2 of the Achromobacter genome, associated with a hypothetical protein TerC, known for its role as an export protein involved in metal export, was found.
conclusionThis study highlights the importance of environmental monitoring for antibiotic resistance in soil. The variant degree of resistance of Achromobacter strain against antibiotics of same class shows the genetic diversity and adaptability of resistance mechanisms within a microbe. These findings suggest a potential novel resistance mechanism in Achromobacter, warranting further investigation.
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