Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41454881›Full record

ArticleACS applied bio materials2026

Macroporous Alginate-PEG Hybrid Double Network Cryogels: Tuning Mechanics, Porosity, and Long-Term Growth Factor Release via Polymer Concentration, Ice Nucleation, and Sulfation.

Zining Yang, Kaixiang Zhang, Michael Patrick Seitz, Era Jain

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS applied bio materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zining YangDepartment of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.ORCID 0009-0008-2698-5545
Kaixiang ZhangDepartment of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.
Michael Patrick SeitzDepartment of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.
Era JainDepartment of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7172-401X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryogels are macroporous hydrogel scaffolds with promising applications in tissue engineering; however, conventional systems often suffer from inadequate mechanical strength, limited porosity, and biocompatibility concerns due to the use of free radical initiators and organic solvents. In this study, we report the engineering of a hybrid double-network (HDN) cryogel scaffold composed of alginate and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), designed for tissue engineering applications. The scaffolds were fabricated via simultaneous cross-linking of alginate and PEG networks at subzero temperatures using a solvent-free and initiator-free biocompatible approach. We systematically investigated the influence of polymer concentration, ice nucleating agents, and sulfation of alginate on the resulting cryogel structure, porosity, and mechanical properties. The optimized HDN cryogels exhibited a highly interconnected macroporous architecture, improved compressive strength, and enhanced elasticity while maintaining cytocompatibility. These findings highlight the potential of HDN cryogels as robust and biocompatible scaffolds for soft tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

Indexed as

AlginatesBiocompatible MaterialsCryogelsIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsPolyethylene GlycolsAnimalsCompressive StrengthDrug LiberationIceMaterials TestingMiceParticle SizePorositySurface PropertiesTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsAlginatesBiocompatible MaterialsCryogelsIceIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsPolyethylene Glycolsclick chemistrycryogelgrowth factorsscaffoldtissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID41454881
PMCPMC12820959

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.