Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41454665›Full record

ReviewJournal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society2026

Experiences of Internationally Trained Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic Nurses Working in Western Health Care Settings: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

Anto Ajithpaul Joseph Jayasundar, Mel Duffy, Kumaresan Cithambaram

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Anto Ajithpaul Joseph JayasundarDublin City University, Ireland.
Mel DuffyDublin City University, Ireland.
Kumaresan CithambaramTechnological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-6753-315X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNurses' shortage in Western countries has driven reliance on internationally trained Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) nurses, who now play a crucial workforce role. However, they face challenges compared to native nurses, making it essential to understand their experiences for fostering inclusivity. This qualitative evidence synthesis explores the experiences of internationally trained BAME nurses in Western health care settings.

methodA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and gray literature was carried out. Quality was assessed using the CASP tool, and data were synthesized using Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis approach.

resultsThis review of 38 studies identified three themes: Initial Adaptation Hurdles, Professional Adversities, and Coping Strategies. Nurses experienced cultural and communication barriers, unfamiliar policies, and discriminatory interactions, with racism forming part of their professional experiences. DISCUSSION: Culturally tailored orientation, mentorship, and equitable opportunities are vital to enhancing integration and satisfaction, strengthening health care safety and performance.

Indexed as

EthnicityMinority GroupsNursesHumansQualitative ResearchRacismand Minority Ethnic nursesAsianBAME nursesBlackchallengesexperiencesinternationally trained nursesqualitative evidence synthesisWestern health care settings

Identifiers

PMID41454665
PMCPMC13058157

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.