SynthesisInfection2026
Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of typhoid conjugate vaccines in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Safety and Immunogenicity of a Trivalent Salmonella Conjugate Vaccine to S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium, and S. Enteritidis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTyphoid is a serious infectious disease that is highly prevalent in low and middle income countries (LMICs) and causes severe morbidity and mortality. Typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCVs) have been developed to prevent and control typhoid infection, however, overall and pooled evidence on vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety profiles in the pediatric population is limited. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on August 12, 2025 using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the vaccine efficacy of TCVs in the pediatric population. Included studies compared TCVs with a well-defined control groups i.e. either placebo, MenA or SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine. The vaccine efficacy data were pooled and estimates were generated via random effects model. Data on immunogenicity and safety were also extracted.
resultsA total of five RCTs, involving over 120,000 participants from Asia and Africa were included. Pooled vaccine efficacy of TCVs was 83% (95% CI 78-87%) with low heterogeneity (I
conclusionWe conclude that TCVs are highly efficacious, immunogenic and safe among children, supporting their implementation in national immunization schedules. Further studies are needed to determine the duration of protection and the need for booster doses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.