Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41453909›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Eco-friendly fabrication of flag blue flower-derived CQD-doped chitosan films with tunable optical and photoluminescent properties.

Hawkar A Mohammed, Dara M Aziz, Shujahadeen B Aziz, Muaffaq M Nofal, Govar H Hamasalih, Ismael I Hussein, Kawan F Kayani, Pshko A Mohammed, Sambasivam Sangaraju

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hawkar A MohammedDepartment of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimanyah, 46001, Iraq.
Dara M AzizDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Raparin, Ranya, 46012, Iraq.
Shujahadeen B AzizTurning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq. shujahadeenaziz@gmail.com.
Muaffaq M NofalDepartment of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Govar H HamasalihTurning Trash to Treasure Laboratory (TTTL), Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq.
Ismael I HusseinDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimanyah, 46001, Iraq.
Kawan F KayaniDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, 46002, Iraq.
Pshko A MohammedDepartment of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimanyah, 46001, Iraq.
Sambasivam SangarajuNational Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates. s_sambasivam@uaeu.ac.ae.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explores the influence of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized from flag blue (FB) flower dyes on the optical band gap reduction of chitosan (CS) biopolymer. The resulting CQDs were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, XPS, XRD, HR-TEM, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Fluorescence measurements revealed a pronounced emission peak at 415 nm when excited at 330 nm, with a quantum yield of 7.41%. The HR-TEM and XRD analyses confirm the successful formation of uniformly dispersed, nanosized CQDs. XPS analysis was conducted to determine the elemental composition and surface functionalities of the CQDs. The characteristic absorption peak of the FB dye vanished in the CQDs spectrum, indicating successful carbonization and transformation of the dye molecules into carbonaceous nanostructures. The interactions of CQDs with the functional groups of the CS host polymer were examined through FTIR spectroscopy. Shifts and intensity changes in the FTIR bands of the CS polymer upon incorporation of CQDs demonstrated the formation of strong intermolecular interactions between chitosan and CQDs derived from FB dye. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that the optical properties of the films could be tailored by adjusting the CQDs concentration. Essential optical parameters-absorption edge, refractive index (n), dielectric loss (ε

Indexed as

Carbon quantum dotsChitosan biopolymerFTIR and XRD studiesNatural dyeOptical propertiesPhotoluminescence

Identifiers

PMID41453909
PMCPMC12827271

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.