Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41452662›Full record

ReviewJournal of proteome research2026

Protein Language Models: Applications and Perspectives.

Mickael Leclercq, Arnaud Droit

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of proteome research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. MultilevelCurrent research in structural biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Mickael LeclercqAxe Endo-Nephro, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1 V 4G2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6205-888X
Arnaud DroitAxe Endo-Nephro, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1 V 4G2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7922-790X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) originally developed for human text have been adapted to proteomics as protein language models (pLMs). These models treat amino acid sequences like sentences, and they learn patterns from millions of sequences. pLMs are used for several key tasks, including the prediction of protein structures, annotating protein functions, designing novel protein sequences with specific characteristics, and mapping the interactions between proteins and other molecules. Compared with traditional approaches, pLMs deliver insights more quickly but demand large computing resources and careful data management. Developers are focused on decreasing prediction inaccuracies and biases by exploring more efficient training techniques and smaller models to decrease the resources required. As sequence databases continue to grow, pLMs will improve to uncover links between proteins and disease pathways, speeding drug development and basic research while offering new proteome-scale insights that support experimental design and validation.

Indexed as

Natural Language ProcessingProteinsProteomicsAmino Acid SequenceDatabases, ProteinHumansProteinsbiophysical property predictioncomputational scalability and efficiencyde novo protein sequence generationpost-translational modification predictionprotein function annotationprotein language models (pLMs)protein−protein interaction modelingprotein structure predictionsequence embeddingstransformer architectures

Identifiers

PMID41452662
PMCPMC12888012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.