ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
Tear film characteristics in French bulldogs vs. non-brachycephalic dogs.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the tear film characteristics of healthy French Bulldogs and compare them with healthy dogs of mesocephalic and dolichocephalic breeds. Methods: French Bulldogs and non-brachycephalic dogs considered healthy underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. Tear osmolarity was tested with the ScoutPro® osmolarity system and a tear film analysis, including interferometry, non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height measurement (TMH) and meibography using the I.C.P. OSA-Vet® was performed. Results: French Bulldogs had a significantly higher Schirmer Tear Test I (19.05 ± 4.00 vs. 16.88 ± 3.54, Conclusion: The tear film in healthy French Bulldogs shows signs of a qualitative tear film deficiency/evaporative dry eye disease (EDED) compared to non-brachycephalic dogs. The influence of the altered tear film on diseases of the ocular surface in French Bulldogs needs to be further investigated.
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