ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Insomnia and anxiety: exploring their hidden effect on natural killer cells among young female adults.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Peripheral and central immune features in insomnia: Integrative bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal core hub genes and candidate compounds.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Specific diagnostic value of systemic immune-inflammation indices combined with nutritional and tumor markers in the stage diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent mental conditions globally, and it is frequently associated with sleep disturbances such as insomnia. Recently, these mental health conditions have been increasing in prevalence among younger generations, particularly among young women. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between anxiety, insomnia, and immune function, with a specific focus on natural killer (NK) cells. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted recruiting young female students under 25 years of age. Self-reported GAD-7 and insomnia symptoms were assessed using validated, previously published questionnaires, while immune cell profiles were measured by complete blood count (CBC) and flow cytometry. Results: The results revealed that 75% of participants experienced GAD-7 symptoms at varying severity levels, and over 50% reported insomnia. Interestingly, students with symptoms of GAD-7 had a lower percentage and number of circulatory NK cells and their subpopulation-CD16 Discussion: These findings suggest that anxiety and sleep disturbances may compromise immune function and contribute to immune dysregulation. Raising awareness of these physiological effects may help in the prevention of inflammation-related diseases and cancers in young female populations.
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