ArticleAnnals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches2025
Belonging in Surgical Residency: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Training climate matters: programmatic openness, individual belonging, and trainee mistreatment in graduate medical education.Medical education online · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Belonging is the human need to form meaningful relationships with those in one's community. Belonging is associated with improved academic performance and mental health. The factors that contribute to belonging in surgical residency are unknown. We aimed to examine belonging in surgical residency. Methods: A nationwide survey of general surgery residents was administered after the 2025 American Board of Surgery In-Service Training Exam. Using a previously validated 11-item instrument, belonging in surgery was measured (scale 11-55). Resident hometown, demographics, stress levels, and program location and size were collected. Univariate analyses were performed using χ Results: A total of 6166 of 10,747 residents responded to the survey (58.9%) with a median belonging score of 47 (range: 15-55). Belonging was positively associated with training in the same region as one's hometown (β = +0.6, Conclusions: A wide variation in surgical resident belonging exists nationally. Much of the variation in belonging across residents was unexplained by the individual, program, and geographic features examined. The first step to developing a sustainable culture of inclusivity may be to measure belonging within programs and offer voluntary support to those who experience a weak sense of belonging.
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