ArticleCraniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction2025
Impact of Illicit Drug Use on Facial Fracture Patterns and Hospital Resource Utilization.
Article in Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Alcohol-Only and Drug/Medication-Only Product-Associated Facial Injury Encounters Across COVID-19 Periods: A Public CPSC NEISS Study, 2019-2023.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionFacial trauma is a public health concern, with reports of about 25% of all traumas having a component of facial injury. Alcohol and illicit drug use have previously been shown to exacerbate the severity of trauma injuries. This study investigates the relationship between illicit drug use and clinical outcomes amongst patients presenting with facial fracture injuries.
methodsA retrospective multicenter cohort study through the TriNetX database was performed. Drug Involved Facial fracture injury with illicit drug use (DIFFI+) was compared to a Non-Drug Involved Facial Fracture Injury group (DIFFI-). After propensity score matching, measures of hospital burden outcomes, surgical intervention, and underlying psychiatric diagnosis outcomes were compared.
resultsA total of 27,863 propensity score-matched DIFFI+ cases were used for analysis. DIFFI+ patients were younger (mean age 33.8 vs. 42.0 years, CONCLUSIONS/DISCUSSION: DIFFI+ was significantly correlated with greater hospital burden in all analyzed clinical outcomes. DIFFI+ patients have a higher odds of receiving surgery but lower odds of receiving a fracture diagnosis. Having a psychiatric diagnosis increases risk for DIFFI+ injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.