ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025
Psychological distress, resilience, and well-being among survivors of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes: a multi-site cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
Background: The 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes were among the most devastating disasters in modern Türkiye, with severe consequences for survivors' mental health. While post-disaster psychopathology has been widely studied, less is known about positive psychological outcomes such as resilience and well-being in this context. Objective: This study examined levels of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress symptoms, well-being, and resilience among earthquake survivors, explored group differences, and identified predictors of key psychological outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 642 adult survivors across 11 heavily affected cities, nearly 2 years after the earthquakes. Data were collected between September 2024 and January 2025, corresponding to 19-22 months after the earthquakes. Participants completed validated self-report measures: BDI-II, BAI, PCL-5, WEMWBS, and CD-RISC. Analyses included group comparisons, correlations, hierarchical regressions predicting well-being and resilience, and logistic regression predicting probable PTSD (PCL-5 ≥ 47). Results: Survivors reported moderate depression ( Conclusion: Nearly 2 years after the earthquakes, survivors experienced substantial psychological distress alongside reduced well-being and resilience. Clinical symptoms, particularly depression and PTSD, more strongly associated with outcomes than sociodemographic or exposure variables. These findings highlight the need for interventions that both alleviate trauma-related psychopathology and strengthen resilience and well-being as part of long-term disaster recovery.
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