Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41449787›Full record

SynthesisPharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2026

Medications Used Among Nonhospitalized Pregnant Women With COVID-19: A Prospective Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis in Europe and North America.

Odette de Bruin, Emeline Maisonneuve, Eimir Hurley, Hedvig M E Nordeng, Anick Bérard, Odile Sheehy, Padma Kaul, Mayura U Shinde, Austin Cosgrove, Jennifer G Lyons and 27 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Odette de BruinDepartment of Data Science & Biostatistics, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-3411
Emeline MaisonneuveInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-4468
Eimir HurleyPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6776-1224
Hedvig M E NordengPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-2918
Anick BérardFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-5517
Odile SheehyFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6784-2080
Padma KaulUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-3944
Mayura U ShindeDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Austin CosgroveDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jennifer G LyonsDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Elizabeth Messenger-JonesDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Maria E KempnerDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sengwee TohDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wei HuaOffice of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
José J Hernández-MuñozOffice of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-3159
Leyla SahinOffice of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-7524
Carolyn E CestaDepartment of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-9366
David HäggDepartment of Medicine Solna, Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-5033
Rosa GiniTuscan Regional Healthcare Agency, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-877X
Olga PaolettiTuscan Regional Healthcare Agency, Florence, Italy.
Beatriz Poblador-PlouEpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
Sue JordanFaculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Daniel ThayerFaculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Clara L Rodríguez-BernalNetwork for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-8635
Francisco Sánchez-SáezNetwork for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Régis LassalleBordeaux PharmacoEpi, INSERM CIC-P1401, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Marie-Agnès BernardBordeaux PharmacoEpi, INSERM CIC-P1401, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Ema AlsinaDepartment of Data Science & Biostatistics, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Fariba AhmadizarDepartment of Data Science & Biostatistics, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Guillaume FavreMaterno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-3126
Alice PanchaudInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-2401
Kitty W M BloemenkampDepartment of Obstetrics, Division of Woman and Baby, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-4625
Kelly PlueschkeEuropean Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Corinne de VriesEuropean Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Satu J SiiskonenDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-9530
Miriam C J M SturkenboomDepartment of Data Science & Biostatistics, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-2388
CONSIGN Collaboration Group

Funding

Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)European Medicines Agency (EMA) EMA/2018/28/PEU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo estimate the prevalence of medication use in nonhospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19.

methodsA prospective two-stage individual patient meta-analysis across 10 data sources in Europe and North America studied medication use among nonhospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 between January 2020 and December 2022. Comparisons were made between medication use within 30 days pre- and post-COVID-19 diagnosis in this cohort and two comparator groups: pregnant women without COVID-19 and nonpregnant women with COVID-19. Prevalence estimates were pooled using a random-effects model stratified by trimester.

results50 335 nonhospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 were identified. The pooled prevalence of antibacterial use in the third trimester was higher post-COVID-19 diagnosis (6.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.5-8.4, I

conclusionThis international meta-analysis reveals low medication use and country-specific variations, enhancing insight into the management of COVID-19 in nonhospitalized pregnant women. Higher antithrombotic use post-COVID-19 suggests prophylactic treatment in this population, but variation between countries emphasizes the challenges of combining multinational data.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentPregnancy Complications, InfectiousAdultEuropeFemaleHumansNorth AmericaPregnancyProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2CONSIGNCOVID‐19medication usemeta‐analysispregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41449787
PMCPMC12741507

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.